Today is 7 October 2008 -- Who are some of the "Greats" of early 20th century chemistry?

Jonathan C. researched several as part of a class project.  Here are his findings:

John Dalton- he is best known for his work in the development of modern atomic theory, and his research into colour blindness also known as Daltonism. a lunar crater was named  after Dalton.

Albert Einstein- received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his services to Teoretical Physics and for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. he is also known for his theory of relativity and mass-energy equivalence, E =mc ².

Wolfgang Pauli- found that the current idea that it was magnetic moment of the core of the atom that was responsible for the splitting of the electron energy levels pf the outer electrons was incorrect. proposing a new model, his famous exclusion principle.

Friedrich Hund- discovered an observational rule of atomic chemistry, Rule of Maximum Multiplicity. This rule is used in atomic chemistry, spectroscopy, and quatum chemistry.

Niels Bohr- developed the "planetary" model of the atom. The model introduced the concpet of electron motion to the atomic model.

Amedeo Avogadro- found a resolution to the confusion surrounding atoms and molecules. he believed that particles could be composed of molecules and that molecules could be composed of atoms.

J.J. Thomson- discovered an even smaller and more fundamental partical called the electron.

Dmitri Mendeleev- found that by listing elements in order of increasing relative , their properties recurred in a periodic pattern.He proposed the periodic law and arranged early versions of the periodic table.